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Computing on Bitcoin #44
June 20, 2025 - Week 25

Innovation on Bitcoin shows no signs of slowing down—and neither do we.
Whether you’re tracking zero-knowledge rollups, zkproofs bitcoin scaling, we got you covered. Let’s dive in 🚀

01
BitVM3 Slashes On-Chain Data with Off-Chain SNARKs

Robin Linus introduces BitVM3, moving SNARK verification off-chain with RSA-based garbled circuits. It reduces on-chain data from megabytes to 56 kB for assertions and 200 bytes for fraud proofs, enabling more efficient and trust-minimized computation on Bitcoin.

bitvm.org
🔗 BitVM3: Efficient Computation on Bitcoin

BitVM3 is a protocol for verifying SNARK proofs on Bitcoin that dramatically reduces the on-chain footprint of its predecessor, BitVM2. By leveraging optimistic computation with a garbled circuit, BitVM3 shifts the burden of verification off-chain.

02
Bulltime’s Deep Dive: BitVM3 vs. Its Predecessors

Eugene Bulltime breaks down BitVM3, highlighting its shift to fully off-chain zk-proof generation using garbled circuits. He also shares a comparison table of BitVM, BitVM2, and BitVM3.

03
TOOP: Trustless Bitcoin Asset Transfers via BitVMX

Ariel Futoransky, from Fairgate, introduced the Transfer of Ownership Protocol (TOOP), a BitVMX-based design enabling trustless Bitcoin-native asset transfers across blockchains without centralized custody or pre-registered recipients

fairgate.io/blog
🔗 Introducing the Transfer of Ownership Protocol

TOOP is a key step in bringing true ownership to cross-chain transfers. Most Bitcoin bridges today rely on semi-custodial models, fronting mechanisms, or predefined parameters that reduce flexibility and trustlessness. TOOP flips that model.

04
StarkWare Backs OP_CAT MEV Impact Study

StarkWare granted funding to Post Capone to research OP_CAT's impact on Bitcoin MEV, scripting, and block production incentives—aiming to inform the upgrade debate with neutral, technical analysis.

05
GOAT Network Debuts Bitcoin-Native zkRollup Economics

GOAT Network launched the first Bitcoin-native zkRollup economic model: rotating “Universal Operators” align incentives across roles, reducing finality to under 24 hours and solving key challenges in BitVM sustainability.

goat.network/blog
🔗 GOAT Network Launches ZK Rollup Economic Model, Solving BitVM’s Major Challenge: Incentives

Considering that a rollup solution involves multiple roles, each with different responsibilities and costs, designing a fair and efficient rollup economic model becomes extremely challenging. GOAT Network unifies all these roles under a single identity — the “Universal Operator” — with universal operators rotating through the different roles over time.

You’ve reached the end of this week’s newsletter, but exploration never stops! Bitcoin’s programmable future is just getting started.
We’ll be back next Friday with more ideas from across the ecosystem.

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